Clinical Pathways in Longevity and Rejuvenation Medicine: An Evidence-Based Synthesis of Diagnostic, Therapeutic, and Monitoring Protocols (Patient Workup)

Panayiotis Michael Zavos, Zack Varkaris, Cirne Mabel.

Abstract

Background: Longevity and rejuvenation medicine combines established preventive care with emerging diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, but clinical practice varies and claims often exceed the available evidence.

Objective: This review synthesizes a patient pathway covering assessment, diagnostic evaluation, lifestyle and pharmacological management, reproductive and regenerative interventions, and longitudinal monitoring.

Approach: This is a narrative clinical review based on the literature cited in the manuscript; it is not a systematic review and does not claim exhaustive database searching or formal risk-of-bias assessment.

Main findings: Established preventive care and treatment of diagnosed conditions have a stronger clinical basis than interventions marketed to reverse aging. Biological-age biomarkers and many regenerative approaches have not demonstrated sufficient clinical utility for routine use across general longevity populations.

Conclusion: Clinical pathways should be indication-driven, transparent about uncertainty, attentive to safety, and anchored to meaningful patient outcomes rather than surrogate biomarkers alone.